tự nhiên chủ nghĩa

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Naturalism: A philosophical and artistic doctrine that emphasizes the accurate, unembellished, and often scientific observation and depiction of the natural world, including human life and society, typically rejecting the supernatural and the idealized.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Chủ nghĩa tự nhiên trong văn học tìm cách miêu tả cuộc sống một cách khách quan, không lãng mạn hóa. (Naturalism in literature seeks to depict life objectively, without romanticization.)
  • Triết gia đó là người ủng hộ chủ nghĩa tự nhiên. (That philosopher is a proponent of naturalism.)

Advanced Usage

• In a philosophical context, "tự nhiên chủ nghĩa" (naturalism) asserts that everything arises from natural properties and causes, and supernatural or spiritual explanations are excluded or discounted.
  • Chủ nghĩa tự nhiên khoa học phủ nhận sự tồn tại của các hiện tượng siêu nhiên. (Scientific naturalism denies the existence of supernatural phenomena.)

Variants and Related Words

• Chủ nghĩa hiện thực (n): Realism. While related, realism generally focuses on truthful representation, whereas naturalism often emphasizes deterministic influences of environment and heredity.
• Tính tự nhiên (n): Naturalness, spontaneity.

Synonyms

• Naturalism: The doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations.

Related Concepts

• Determinism: The philosophical idea that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes external to the will, a concept often central to naturalistic thought in literature and philosophy.
• Empiricism: The theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience, closely associated with the observational methods of naturalism.